-
Optical Fiber Sensing Technology: Basics, Classifications and Applications
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
1-5
Received:
25 January 2018
Accepted:
5 February 2018
Published:
27 February 2018
Abstract: In this paper, the current state of art of optical fiber sensing technology is reviewed. The basics of operating principle are discussed in detailed and the various types of optical fiber sensors are classified. The performances, the limitations and a description of the technology used to fabricate the optical fiber sensors have presented. Also, the development of this technology and the expected application areas are briefly outlined.
Abstract: In this paper, the current state of art of optical fiber sensing technology is reviewed. The basics of operating principle are discussed in detailed and the various types of optical fiber sensors are classified. The performances, the limitations and a description of the technology used to fabricate the optical fiber sensors have presented. Also, th...
Show More
-
An Assessment of Inter-Seasonal Surface Water Level Fluctuation of Lonar Crater Lake, Maharashtra, India Using Multi-Temporal Satellite Dataset
Shanti Shwarup Mahto,
Anuj Prakash Kushwaha
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
6-14
Received:
15 January 2018
Accepted:
29 January 2018
Published:
5 March 2018
Abstract: Lonar Crater Lake in the Buddana district of Maharastra state, India is the third largest natural salt water lake in the world. It is mysterious due to its unsolved & unique limnology and ecological biodiversity. It occupies the geographical position of 19°58’ N & 76°31’ E. The crater has a diameter of 1.8 km (rim to rim) with an average depth of 137m while the inside lake diameter is of approximately 1.2 km in average. The Lake surface area changes seasonally. The USGS Landsat dataset of 30m spatial resolution has been used to map the lake surface area seasonally for the years: 2009, 2010, 2011, 2015, 2016 and 2017 respectively. The average slope of the Lonar Crater (assuming frustum of cone) has been calculated as 19°. The results have shown a huge reduction in the lake volume in the summer 2017 resulting in the maximum declination of Lake water level (~11 m). While there is just a little increment in the lake volume in monsoon 2017 resulting in the minimum inclination of Lake water level (< 1m). The rate of removal of water from the lake is observed faster than the rate of filling the lake with water, in the recent years (2015-2017). Such type of study will enhance the potential area of remote sensing technology up to a larger extent. Also the study will help us to understand the behavior of large Lakes/water bodies. Proper and regular monitoring of such water bodies may lead to know their exact conditions in this changing climate in order to save the precious water resources.
Abstract: Lonar Crater Lake in the Buddana district of Maharastra state, India is the third largest natural salt water lake in the world. It is mysterious due to its unsolved & unique limnology and ecological biodiversity. It occupies the geographical position of 19°58’ N & 76°31’ E. The crater has a diameter of 1.8 km (rim to rim) with an average depth of 1...
Show More
-
Morphometric Analysis of Karadya Micro Watershed: A Case Study of Mandya District
Ningaraju Holalu Javarayigowda,
Ganesh Kumar Shivamogga Basavaraju,
Surendra Halasuru Jayaram
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
15-22
Received:
16 January 2018
Accepted:
5 February 2018
Published:
14 March 2018
Abstract: Water is one of the essential natural resource for the very survival of life becoming a scarce commodity. It is very important to manage this very essential natural resource at micro watershed level for achieving sustainable development. The morphometric analysis plays a vital role in understanding the hydro-geological behavior of drainage basin. Remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques are proven efficient tool for morphometric analysis of a drainage basin throughout the world. Hence, an attempt has been made in this paper to study morphometric parameters of Karadya micro watershed using Geographical information system(GIS) approach. The study reveals that the terrain exhibits dendritic type drainage pattern with highest stream order being third order. The drainage density of watershed is 2.65km-1. The mean bifurcation ratio of the entire basin is 6.73 indicating that the drainage pattern is not much influenced by geological structures. Relief ratio indicates that the discharge capability of these watersheds is very high and the ground water potential is low. Further, the study reveals that GIS techniques proved to be a competent tool in morphometric analysis helps in planning and management of watershed.
Abstract: Water is one of the essential natural resource for the very survival of life becoming a scarce commodity. It is very important to manage this very essential natural resource at micro watershed level for achieving sustainable development. The morphometric analysis plays a vital role in understanding the hydro-geological behavior of drainage basin. R...
Show More
-
Application of Remotely Sensed Data in the Estimation of Net Radiation at the Earth’s Surface in Clear Sky Conditions
Roopashree Shrivastava,
Indumathi Srinivasan Iyer,
Mahabaleshwar Narayan Hegde,
Rajendrakumar Balkrishna Oza
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
23-28
Received:
7 February 2018
Accepted:
25 February 2018
Published:
20 March 2018
Abstract: This study focuses on the estimation of shortwave and longwave radiation utilizing measured data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument on the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA’s) Terra / Aqua satellites in clear sky conditions. The net radiation is the vector sum of the shortwave and longwave radiation coming towards and going away from the Earth’s surface. The study is carried out for a tropical site Kaiga, located in Southern India for the months of March and April representative of the warm season and the months of November and December representative of the cold season in the year 2013. The validity of the net radiation values estimated from MODIS data is assessed by comparing it with simultaneous ground based measurements from the Mini Boundary Layer Masts (MBLMs). The results indicate that the net radiation values estimated by the satellite are well correlated with the ground based measurements (R2 = 0.983). On an average, for the four months of study, the mean absolute error between the satellite and ground based measurements is 35 W m-2 where as the RMSE is 50 W m-2. Once validated with ground based measurements, the satellite derived net radiation data can be used for validation of land surface energy balance predicted by atmospheric models.
Abstract: This study focuses on the estimation of shortwave and longwave radiation utilizing measured data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument on the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA’s) Terra / Aqua satellites in clear sky conditions. The net radiation is the vector sum of the shortwave and longwave rad...
Show More
-
Study the Effect of New Egypt Wet Mapping Function on Space Geodetic Measurements
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
29-38
Received:
28 January 2018
Accepted:
7 March 2018
Published:
27 March 2018
Abstract: Atmospheric water vapour degrades the accuracy of the results of space geodetic observations due to permanent electric dipole moments. It creates excess path lengths by retarding (slowing and bending) the propagation of the electromagnetic waves that are used in global positioning system (GPS) and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations. It is known that the excess path lengths are less than 30~40 cm at the most, and are the primary obstacles of space geodesy because of the highly variable distribution of water vapour in the atmosphere. In this study, we compared modern five wet mapping functions by evaluating their effects on the tropospheric signal delay and position estimates in GPS data processing, and precise Egypt wet mapping function model is derived based on eight stations of radiosonde data well-distributed over and around Egypt (five stations used to estimate new model and other three as check points). To derive the new Egypt wet mapping function, the troposphere is divided into regular small layers. Ray tracing technique of actual signal path traveled in the troposphere is used to estimate tropospheric slant delay. Real GPS data of five stations (RTK-Network methods) were used for the assessment of new model against the available international models. These international models include Niell (NMF), Black & Eisner (B&EMF), Ifidas (IFMF), Hearing (HMF), and UNBabc MF. The data were processed using Bernese software version 5.0. The results indicate that the new Egypt wet MF model is the best model at Egypt region and has improved the wet tropospheric delay estimation up to 23.3 percent at five degree elevation angles.
Abstract: Atmospheric water vapour degrades the accuracy of the results of space geodetic observations due to permanent electric dipole moments. It creates excess path lengths by retarding (slowing and bending) the propagation of the electromagnetic waves that are used in global positioning system (GPS) and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observatio...
Show More
-
Land Use Detection Using Remote Sensing and GIS (A Case Study of Rawalpindi Division)
Muhammad Zubair Iqbal,
Muhammad Javed Iqbal
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
39-51
Received:
11 February 2018
Accepted:
8 March 2018
Published:
23 April 2018
Abstract: Change detection is a process of identifying variations in the substances or marvels which are supposed in the different time interims. This study takes the spatial-temporal dynamics of land use/cover change in Rawalpindi division Punjab Pakistan, using satellite imageries of two different years 2000, 2008. Supervised classification method was applied to demonstrate the object in a certain period of time. The method represents the vegetation index of differencing through object-based and supervised classification along with expert knowledge of GIS. This method gave different results in terms of land cover area, and it's generally concluded most accurate result from spatial images of medium resolution. The result of this process will be used for agriculture, urban and environmental changes in the various time periods. All information leads to the conclusion that surface under land class tabulation will be generated. The result shows vegetation, forest degradation and increase in built-up area with seasonal urbanization. Maps of the land use/land cover changes available in GIS platform can be used for the enhancement of the available tools for urban planning and environmental factor in the area.
Abstract: Change detection is a process of identifying variations in the substances or marvels which are supposed in the different time interims. This study takes the spatial-temporal dynamics of land use/cover change in Rawalpindi division Punjab Pakistan, using satellite imageries of two different years 2000, 2008. Supervised classification method was appl...
Show More
-
Habitat Suitability Analysis for Swamp Deer (Rucervus Duvaucelii) Using Geo-Spatial Tools in Dudhwa National Park
Suneet Naithani,
Prachee Bedi,
Gopala Areendran
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
52-58
Received:
15 May 2018
Accepted:
30 May 2018
Published:
7 July 2018
Abstract: Dudhwa National Park (DNP), important conservation areas of India supporting the full range of threatened faunal and floral species. The Barasingha, swamp deer (Rucervus duvaucelii) considered as vulnerable, one of the flagship species. The satellite imagery of 1995, 2016 and 2017were used for Habitat Suitability Analysis (HSA) using multi-criteria analysis. The other primary and secondary data were also incorporated to generate habitat suitability model. Raster imageries of Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 were used to create various themes (variables) such as forest density, land use land cover, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) along with topographic details. The result indicates that out of total geographical area approximately 2.000000-2.100000(20-21%) is highly suitable, 1.900000(19%) is appropriate, 1.800000(18%) moderately suitable, 1.700000(17%) less suitable and 1.500000-1.600000(15-16%) area is least suitable. However, the study strongly advocates that the DNP is suitable landscape and grassland were noticed as one of the best habitat class for the conservation of swamp deer.
Abstract: Dudhwa National Park (DNP), important conservation areas of India supporting the full range of threatened faunal and floral species. The Barasingha, swamp deer (Rucervus duvaucelii) considered as vulnerable, one of the flagship species. The satellite imagery of 1995, 2016 and 2017were used for Habitat Suitability Analysis (HSA) using multi-criteria...
Show More
